List of Asian Australian politicians
This article is part of a series on the |
Politics of Australia |
---|
Constitution |
Australia portal |
This is a list of Asian Australians who have served as members of Australian federal, state, or territory legislatures. Despite Australia's proximity to Asia, as well as the significant and increasing minority of Australians belonging to an Asian ethnicity,[1][2] the Australian Parliament is considered to be particularly under-representative of its Asian constituents in comparison to other Western multicultural democracies[3][4][5] with members of minority groups making up only about 6 percent of Parliament.[6]
Classification
[edit]The term Asian Australian was first coined in the 1950s by European Australians who sought to strengthen diplomatic and trade ties with Asia. However, the term was not originally used to describe or recognise the experiences of people of Asian descent living in Australia. It was not until the late 1980s and 1990s that the term was adopted and used by Asian Australians themselves to discuss issues related to racial vilification and discrimination. Today, the term is widely accepted and used to refer to people of Asian descent who are citizens or residents of Australia, although its usage and meaning may vary within the Asian Australian community.[7]
When people use the term Asian in everyday conversation, they are usually referring to two main groups: East Asians (including Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Mongolian) and Southeast Asians (including Filipinos, Cambodians, Vietnamese, Laotians, Indonesians, Thais, and Singaporeans). Additionally, South Asians (including Indians, Bangladeshis, Sri Lankans, Nepalese, and Pakistanis) may also be included.[7]
Census definition
[edit]Information relating to the racial composition of the population was collected for the first time at the Census of 1911. The following were classified as "Asiatic":[8]
At censuses prior to 1966 the instructions relating to race were insufficient to enable respondents to classify themselves according to the degree of racial mixture. As one report for the 1966 Census of Population and Housing details:[9]
For example, from 1933 to 1961 persons were asked the following question:
"For persons of European race, wherever born, write "European ". For non-Europeans state the race to which they belong, for example, "Aboriginal", "Chinese", "Negro", "Afghan", etc. If the person is half-caste with one parent of European race, write also "H.C.", for example "H.C. Aboriginal", "H. C. Chinese", etc."
At the 1966 Census the instructions were re-designed ... in an endeavour to obtain precise data on racial mixture and also to avoid the opprobrium attaching to the term "half-caste" ...
— 1966 Census (1971), "Population: Single Characteristics. Part 11", p. 7
The Australian Bureau of Statistics and Australian Census no longer collect data on race as a standalone category. Instead, they collect information on distinct ancestries, of which census respondents can select up to two. The ABS has classified certain ancestries into categories for the purposes of aggregating data, including:[10]
- North-East Asian (including Chinese, Koreans, Japanese, etc.);
- South-East Asian (including Vietnamese, Filipinos, Indonesians, etc.); and
- Southern and Central Asian (including Indians, Sri Lankans, Afghans, etc.).
Ancestry is the primary statistical measure of ethnicity or cultural origins in Australia. The different ancestry groups may have distinct histories, cultures, and geographical origins. Therefore, information on Australians with ancestry from Asia can be found in the respective articles for each separate article (e.g., Chinese Australians, Indian Australians, etc.).
It is important to note that Australians of Middle Eastern ancestries are not classified as part of the Asian category under the ABS's Australian Standard Classification of Cultural and Ethnic Groups (ASCCEG).[10] Instead, they are separately classified under North African and Middle Eastern. This includes Australians of Arab, Turkish and Iranian ancestries. However, Armenians, for example, are classified as Central Asian and therefore part of the Asian category.[11]Officeholders
[edit]20 Asian Australian people have been members of the Parliament of Australia (the Federal Parliament), including ten each in the Senate and the House of Representatives. The most common represented ethnicity are Chinese Australian (nine) and Indian Australian (three). There are eight incumbent Asian Australian parliamentarians as of 2022.
Federal Parliament
[edit]Senate
[edit]Senator | Ethnicity | Party | State | Tenure | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Term start | Term end | ||||||
Tsebin Tchen (1941–2019) |
Chinese[S 1][12][13][14] | Liberal | Victoria | 1 July 1999 | 30 June 2005 | Retired | |
Penny Wong (born 1968) |
Malaysian Chinese[S 2][15][16][17] | Labor | South Australia | 1 July 2002 | Incumbent | ||
Lisa Singh (born 1972) |
Indian[S 3][18][19][20][21][22] | Labor | Tasmania | 1 July 2011 | 30 June 2019 | Lost reelection | |
Dio Wang (born 1981) |
Chinese[23][24] | Palmer United | Western Australia | 1 July 2014 | 2 July 2016 | Lost reelection | |
Mehreen Faruqi (born 1963) |
Pakistani[S 4][25][26][27] | Greens | New South Wales | 15 August 2018 | Incumbent | ||
Fatima Payman (born 1995) |
Afghan[28] | Labor (to 2024) Independent (from 2024) |
Western Australia | 1 July 2022 | Incumbent | ||
Varun Ghosh (born 1985) |
Indian[29] | Labor | Western Australia | 1 February 2024 | Incumbent |
- ^ First Asian-born migrant to be elected to Parliament
- ^ First Asian-born member of Cabinet, First Asian-Australian foreign minister, and the first openly LGBTI person to hold the office
- ^ First woman of South Asian heritage to be elected to Parliament
- ^ First Muslim woman to attain any political office in Australia; first Muslim woman senator to be elected to Parliament
House of Representatives
[edit]State and local government
[edit]Governors
[edit]Governors | Ethnicity | State | Tenure | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Term start | Term end | |||||
Hieu Van Le (born 1954) |
Vietnamese[63] | South Australia | 1 September 2014 | 31 August 2021 | First person of Asian heritage to be appointed a state governor in Australia. First person of Vietnamese background to be appointed to a vice-regal position anywhere in the world. |
Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly
[edit]Member | Ethnicity | Party | Constituency | Tenure | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Term start | Term end | ||||||
Elizabeth Lee (born 1979) |
Korean[64] | Liberal | Kurrajong | 15 October 2016 | Incumbent | First East Asian-Australian to lead a major political party in Australia.[65] | |
Deepak-Raj Gupta (born 1966) |
Indian[66] | Labor | Yerrabi | 23 July 2019 | 17 October 2020 | First Indian-born person to hold the position of MLA in the Australian Capital Territory. First MLA to be sworn in on the Bhagwat Gita, representing his Hindu faith.[67] |
Parliament of New South Wales
[edit]Member | Ethnicity | Party | Constituency | Tenure | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Term start | Term end | ||||||
Prue Car | Bengali[68][69] | Labor | Londonderry | 8 June 2021 | Incumbent | ||
Anoulack Chanthivong (born 1977) |
Laotian[70] | Labor | Macquarie Fields | 28 March 2015 | Incumbent | First politician of South-East Asian heritage to take a seat in the NSW Parliament[70] | |
Wes Fang (born 1977) |
Singaporean[71][72] | Nationals | 9 August 2017 | Incumbent | First person of Asian heritage to represent the Nationals in NSW[73] | ||
Mehreen Faruqi (born 1963) |
Pakistani[25][74] | Greens | Heffron | 19 June 2013 | 14 August 2018 | ||
Trevor Khan (born 1957) |
Punjabi[75] | Nationals | 24 March 2007 | 6 January 2022 | |||
Geoff Lee (born 1967) |
Chinese[76] | Liberal | Parramatta | 26 March 2011 | 25 March 2023 | ||
Jenny Leong (born 1977) |
Chinese[77] | Greens | Newtown | 28 March 2015 | Incumbent | ||
Daniel Mookhey (born 1982) |
Punjabi[75] | Labor | Monaro | 6 May 2015 | Incumbent | ||
Helen Sham-Ho (born 1943) |
Hong Konger[78][79] | Liberal / Independent | 19 March 1988 | 28 February 2003 | |||
Gurmesh Singh | Indian[80] | Nationals | Coffs Harbour | 23 March 2019 | Incumbent | ||
Henry Tsang (born 1942) |
Chinese[81] | Labor | 27 March 1999 | 3 December 2009 | |||
Ernest Wong (born 1960s) |
Hong Konger[82] | Labor | 24 May 2013 | 23 March 2019 | |||
Peter Wong (born 1942) |
Chinese[83] | Liberal / Unity Party | 27 March 1999 | 23 March 2007 | |||
Gladys Berejiklian (born 1970) |
Armenian[84] | Liberal | 22 March 2003 | 30 December 2021 |
Parliament of the Northern Territory
[edit]Member | Ethnicity | Party | Constituency | Tenure | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Term start | Term end | ||||||
Jack Ah Kit (1950–2020) |
Chinese[85] | Labor | Arnhem | 7 October 1995 | 16 June 2005 | ||
Ngaree Ah Kit (born 1981) |
Chinese[86] | Labor | Karama | 27 August 2016 | 28 October 2024 | ||
Harry Chan (1918–1969) |
Chinese[87] | Fannie Bay | December 1962 | 5 August 1969 | |||
Jinson Charls | Indian[88] | Country Liberal | Sanderson | 28 August 2024 | Incumbent | ||
Richard Lim (born 1946) |
Malaysian[89] | Country Liberal | Greatorex | 1994 | 2007 | ||
Lauren Moss (born 1987) |
Indian | Labor | Casuarina | 18 October 2014 | 28 October 2024 | ||
Sandra Nelson (born 1971) |
East Timorese[90] | Labor | Katherine | 27 August 2016 | 30 July 2020 | ||
Khoda Patel | Indian[91] | Country Liberal | Casuarina | 28 August 2024 | Incumbent | ||
Tanzil Rahman | Bangladeshi[92] | Country Liberal | Fong Lim | 28 August 2024 | Incumbent |
Parliament of Queensland
[edit]Member | Ethnicity | Party | Constituency | Tenure | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Term start | Term end | ||||||
Michael Choi (born 1959) |
Hong Konger[93][94] | Labor | Capalaba | 17 February 2001 | 23 March 2012 | ||
Anne Warner (born 1945) |
Indian[95] | Labor | Kurilpa | 22 October 1983 | 1 November 1986 |
Parliament of South Australia
[edit]Member | Ethnicity | Party | Constituency | Tenure | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Term Start | Term End | ||||||
Jing Lee (born 1967) |
Malaysian | Liberal | State-wide | 20 March 2010 | Incumbent | ||
Rob Lucas (born 1953) |
Japanese | Liberal | State-wide | 6 November 1982 | 19 March 2022 | ||
Tung Ngo (born 1972) |
Vietnamese | Labor | State-wide | 15 March 2014 | Incumbent | ||
Bernice Pfitzner (born 1938) |
Singaporean | Liberal | State-wide | 23 October 1990 | 10 October 1997 |
Parliament of Tasmania
[edit]Member | Ethnicity | Party | Constituency | Tenure | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Term Start | Term End | ||||||
Lisa Singh (born 1972) |
Indian | Labor | Denison | 18 March 2006 | 13 April 2010 |
Parliament of Victoria
[edit]Parliament of Western Australia
[edit]Member | Ethnicity | Party | Constituency | Tenure | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Term Start | Term End | ||||||
Helen Bullock (born 1965) |
Chinese | Labor | Mining and Pastoral Region | 22 May 2009 | 21 May 2013 | ||
Jags Krishnan (born 1972) |
Indian | Labor | Riverton | 13 March 2021 | Incumbent | ||
Kevin Michel (born 1961) |
Indian | Labor | Pilbara | 11 March 2017 | Incumbent | ||
Yaz Mubarakai (born 1975) |
Indian | Labor | Jandakot | 11 March 2017 | Incumbent | ||
Batong Pham (born 1967) |
Vietnamese | Labor | November 2007 | May 2009 | |||
Pierre Yang (born 1983) |
Chinese | Labor | South Metropolitan Region | 22 May 2021 | Incumbent |
Councilors and Mayors
[edit]This section needs expansion with: more Asian Australian councillors, given there are hundreds of local councils in Australia. You can help by adding to it. (January 2023) |
Member | Ethnicity | Position | Tenure | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Term Start | Term End | |||||
John So (born 1946) |
Hong Konger | Lord Mayor of Melbourne | July 2001 | November 2008 | First Lord Mayor of Melbourne of Chinese descent. | |
Katrina Fong Lim (born 1961) |
Chinese[96] | Lord Mayor of Darwin | 3 April 2012 | 4 September 2017 | ||
Anthony Tran (born 1999) |
Vietnamese[97][98][99] | Maribyrnong City Council | 9 November 2021 | |||
Kun Huang (born ?) |
Chinese[100][101] | Cumberland City Council | ||||
Sabrin Farooqui (born ?) |
Bangladeshi[102][101][103][104] | Cumberland City Council | ||||
Jasmine Nguyen (born ?) |
Vietnamese[99][105][106][107] | Brimbank City Council |
See also
[edit]Asian Australians
[edit]Asian Americans
[edit]- Asian Americans in politics
- List of Asian Americans in politics
- List of Asian Americans and Pacific Islands Americans in the United States Congress
Other
[edit]- List of ethnic minority politicians in the United Kingdom
- List of foreign politicians of Indian origin
- List of politicians of Chinese descent
References
[edit]- ^ This article therefore does not list Australian politicians descended from the Middle Eastern region of Asia, such as Iranian Australian Senator Sam Dastyari, Turkish Australian Senator Mehmet Tillem, and Lebanese Australian MPs Bob Katter Sr., Daryl Melham, Bob Katter, and Michael Sukkar.
- ^ "What "Asian" really means in the Census". NewsComAu. 28 June 2017.
- ^ "Australia's Growing Asian Minority: The Impact on Foreign Policy - AIIA". Australian Institute of International Affairs.
- ^ Walden, Max (24 March 2021). "Under-representation of Asian Australians in politics". Election Watch. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ Pietsch, Juliet (4 May 2017). "Explaining the political under-representation of Asian Australians: geographical concentration and voting patterns". Political Science. 69 (2): 161–174. doi:10.1080/00323187.2017.1345283. S2CID 149364250 – via Taylor and Francis+NEJM.
- ^ Wyeth, Grant (24 February 2021). "The under-representation of Asian-Australians: political order and political delay". Melbourne Asia Review (5).
- ^ Cave, Damien (10 April 2018). "In a Proudly Diverse Australia, White People Still Run Almost Everything". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ a b Kwok, Jen Tsen (3 July 2017). "An Etymology of "Asian Australian" Through Associational Histories Connecting Australia to Asia". Journal of Australian Studies. 41 (3): 351–366. doi:10.1080/14443058.2017.1346696. ISSN 1444-3058. S2CID 149390880.
- ^ Commonwealth Statistician (1911). "Part VIII: Non-European Races" (PDF). Census Taken for the Night Between the 2nd and 3rd April, 1911 (Report). Australian Bureau of Statistics; Commonwealth of Australia. pp. 899–1073.
- ^ Acting Commonwealth Statistician (August 1971). "Population: Single Characteristics. Part 11: Race" (PDF). 1966 Census of Population and Housing (Report). Vol. 1. Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics; Commonwealth of Australia. pp. 1−31.
At the 1966 Census the instructions were re-designed as follows in an endeavour to obtain precise data on racial mixture and also to avoid the opprobrium attaching to the term half-caste: 'State each person's race. For persons of European race, wherever born, write "European". Otherwise state whether Aboriginal, Chinese, Indian, Japanese, etc., as the case may be. If of more than one race give particulars, for example, ½ European–½ Aboriginal; ¾ Aboriginal–¼ Chinese; ½ European–½ Chinese'.
- ^ a b "Australian Standard Classification of Cultural and Ethnic Groups (ASCCEG): Latest release", Australian Bureau of Statistics, 18 December 2019, This release of the ASCCEG (2019) contains the updated classification following a limited review.
- ^ "1249.0 Australian Standard Classification of Cultural and Ethnic Groups, 2019". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 18 December 2019.
- ^ "Tributes flow for first Chinese-born federal parliamentarian after fatal car accident". ABC News. 10 December 2019. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ Lo, Jieh-Yung (16 December 2019). "Tsebin Tchen: a "guardian angel" of multicultural Australia". The Age. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "'Humble gentleman': Chinese community pays tribute to Australia's first Asian-born MP". SBS Your Language. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Penny Wong". Q+A. 20 December 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Appointing Asian-Australian foreign minister would send powerful message, Penny Wong says". ABC News. 1 May 2019. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Proud to be Asian and gay! Meet Penny Wong, Australia's new foreign minister". Firstpost. 23 May 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "About Lisa". lisasingh.com.au. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Lisa Singh". 24 July 2021.
- ^ "Former senator Lisa Singh becomes first female director of Australia India Institute". SBS Your Language. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ Duttagupta, Ishani (13 January 2022). "People elected me as they wanted to see diversity in Australian Parliament, says Indian origin woman". The Times of India. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ Sarkar, Monica (21 May 2019). "Lisa Singh pushes political boundaries for Indians in Australia". CNN. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Who is Dio Wang?". SBS News. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ Aston, Heath (10 February 2016). "PUP senator Dio Wang: 'Learn from China' and root out corruption at national level". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ a b "First female Muslim senator: 'I'm here to shake up the status quo'". www.9news.com.au. 20 August 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "First Muslim Woman In Aus Parliament Honored With Engineering Award". Asian Scientist Magazine. 12 August 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ Law, Benjamin (25 June 2021). "Greens Senator Mehreen Faruqi: 'Since moving here I've started swearing a lot'". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ Hastie, Hamish (28 April 2022). "Taliban takeover prevents Labor Senate hopeful from renouncing Afghan citizenship". The Sydney Morning Herald.
Payman was eight when she was granted entry to Australia under her mother's refugee visa in 2003 after her family fled Afghanistan during the previous Taliban regime.
- ^ "Varun Ghosh confirmed to replace Senator Pat Dodson". The West Australian. 1 February 2024. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
- ^ Davis, Mark (19 May 2010). "A Queenslander with a thirst for networking overseas". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Race Politics Lives!". Peril magazine. 14 October 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ a b "The changing face of Australian politics". SBS News. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ a b c d e "Asian representation in parliament has now doubled. But some advocates say it's not enough". SBS News. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Morrison secures majority Government with historic win of first female Chinese-Australian MP in Chisholm". ABC News. 21 May 2019. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Gladys Liu: The row over a trailblazing Chinese-Australian MP". BBC News. 16 September 2019. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ Medhora, Shalailah (19 September 2019). "Who is Gladys Liu, and why is she making headlines?". triple j. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Who is Gladys Liu? Why story of first Chinese-born female MP matters". The New Daily. 11 September 2019. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ Lee, John (24 September 2019). "Australia's Gladys Liu scandal shows how the Chinese Communist Party is weaponizing race". CNN. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Australia's youngest Ambassador is of Indian Heritage | Indian Herald". 25 July 2013. Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ Sakkal, Paul (19 May 2022). "Labor's candidate for Higgins told the government its COVID experts were not up to the job". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Michelle Ananda-Rajah: Very much a modern Australian story -". 2 June 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Doctor, academic, activist, and now MP: Dr Michelle Ananda-Rajah". Indian Link. 7 June 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ a b Tu, Jessie (24 May 2022). "The Asian-Australian women who have started to shift the face of parliament". Women's Agenda. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Cassandra Fernando – Labor for Holt". www.alp.org.au. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ 周文爱, Erin Wen Ai Chew (29 March 2022). "Union Organiser Cassandra Fernando Will Replace Anthony Byrne And Run For The Safe Labor Seat Of Holt". Being Asian Australian. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Sri Lanka born Cassandra Fernando makes history - Commonwealth Union". 30 May 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "'We won't be ignored anymore': First Vietnamese-born member of federal parliament elected". SBS Your Language. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ Le, Dai (18 October 2018). "Dai Le: My unlikely career move into politics, ten years on". Women's Agenda. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Dai Le". Q+A. 18 November 2020. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Dai Le". Q+A. 20 December 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ Knott, Matthew (22 May 2022). "'We got what we deserved': Recriminations flow after Keneally defeat". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ Knott, Matthew (17 June 2022). "'Adrenaline drove me': Dai Le on how she achieved the impossible". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Tu Le says Labor 'learned the hard way' after Kristina Keneally loses safe seat". the Guardian. 22 May 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ Thompson, Angus (31 May 2022). "From cop to dolphin trainer to MP – and why Sam Lim thinks Gough Whitlam is God". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "From monk to multilingual dolphin whisperer: who is Sam Lim, Labor's new West Australian MP?". the Guardian. 24 May 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Officer who speaks 10 languages wins top police award for pandemic outreach". SBS Your Language. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Muar-born former cop Sam Lim is elected an Australian MP". Free Malaysia Today. 22 May 2022.
- ^ "'I almost cried': What role did Chinese Australians play in Labor's election victory?". ABC News. 23 May 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ Vrajlal, Alicia. "WOC Are Still Being Mistaken For One Another & I Thought We Were Beyond This". www.refinery29.com. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Liberal MP Fiona Martin denies confusing Labor's Sally Sitou with another Asian-Australian". SBS News. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Meet Sally". sallysitou.com. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ 周文爱, Erin Wen Ai Chew (28 March 2022). "#ASIANAUSPOL: Sally Sitou Breaks The Bias By Showing How Asian Female Candidates Rule". Being Asian Australian. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Former refugee sworn in as South Australia's governor". ABC News. 1 September 2014. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "ACT Liberals' Elizabeth Lee becomes the first Asian leader of major political parties in Australia". SBS Language. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ Lo, Jieh-Yung (16 November 2020). "Why Elizabeth Lee's rise means so much to Asian Australians like me". The Canberra Times. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ "'Go back to your country, you're a Chinese spy': ACT politicians face racism on the campaign trail". ABC News. 25 September 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "Once washed cars, India born Deepak Raj Gupta takes oath as MLA in Australia with Bhagwad Gita in hand". WION. 31 July 2019. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
- ^ 周文爱, Erin Wen Ai Chew (5 April 2019). "Taking A Look At Who Our Asian Australian State And Federal Parliamentary Representatives Are". Being Asian Australian. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "Sada-e-Watan Sydney ™ - Leading Australian Pakistani Newspaper". www.sadaewatansydney.com. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ a b "Macquarie Fields new Labor MP the first South-East Asian politician in the NSW Parliament". www.dailytelegraph.com.au. 29 March 2015. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
- ^ "Nats MP Wes Fang, son of a migrant, opens up about 'dogwhistling'". The Land. 1 June 2018. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "Hon Wes Fang - First speech" (PDF). www.parliament.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
- ^ "Highflying New MP: A Change of Direction for Nationals". theaustralian.com.au. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
- ^ "Mehreen Faruqi". 2 July 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ a b Sun, The Indian (13 July 2016). "Racism, politics and classical heritage formed theme of ASAF's June dialogues -". Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "Geoff Lee - Meet Geoff". nswliberal.org.au. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "Jenny Leong". 10 July 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "Police dismissed my abuse as a 'domestic squabble': Former MP Helen Sham-Ho". SBS Language. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ Sham-Ho, Helen; Giese, Diana (1996). "Helen Sham-Ho interviewed by Diana Giese in the Post-war Chinese Australians oral history project". Post-war Chinese Australians Oral History Project.
- ^ "'Moment of pride': Indian Australians hail Rishi Sunak's 'significant' appointment as British PM". SBS Language. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ https://cdn.csu.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/629574/Tsang-Dr-Henry-Shui-Lung.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/member/files/99/Wong%20Inaugural%20Speech.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ "Dr. Peter Wong AM". Australian Chinese Charity Foundation Inc (ACCF). 14 April 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "First Armenian-Australian to Lead a State, Gladys Berejiklian Ends Reign as New South Wales Premier - Media Releases - News|| Armenian National Commitee". www.anc.org.au.
- ^ Staff, Independent. "Aboriginal rights leader and Territory legend John Ah Kit dies | NT Independent". ntindependent.com.au/. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "John Ah Kit: A Life Lived to the FUll » Territory Q". Territory Q. 30 September 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ Heatley, A., "Chan, Harry (1918–1969)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 6 January 2023
- ^ "Hon Jinson Charls - CLP Member for Sanderson - Country Liberal Party". www.clp.org.au.
- ^ FUNG, CECIL. "Malaysian-born Aussie MP Lim to focus on social change". The Star. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "Nelson explains what freedom means - Civil Liberties Australia". 9 September 2019.
- ^ "Khoda Patel - CLP Member for Casuarina - Country Liberal Party". www.clp.org.au.
- ^ "ORIGINS" (PDF). www.cdu.edu.au. 2008. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
- ^ "Choi Inaugural Speech" (PDF). documents.parliament.qld.gov.au.
- ^ "Former State MP Michael Choi on the Board of Fast-growing Asxlisted Chinese Company Growing Citrus". www.couriermail.com.au. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
- ^ "Anne Warner | Queensland Speaks". www.queenslandspeaks.com.au. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "The meaning of Chinese New Year: Darwin's Lord Mayor - ABC (none) - Australian Broadcasting Corporation". www.abc.net.au. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "Council elects youngest Mayor in its history". www.maribyrnong.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
- ^ "Anthony is one of Australia's youngest ever mayors, he credits a migrant leadership program". SBS Language. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
- ^ a b Zielinski, Caroline (21 October 2022). "'We had nothing to lose, no pride, no ego': Why these 20-somethings became mayors". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
- ^ 周文爱, Erin Wen Ai Chew (20 January 2022). "Chinese Australian Kun Huang Becomes Deputy Mayor For Cumberland Council". Being Asian Australian. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
- ^ a b "Cumberland - Regents Park Ward". NSW Local Council Elections 2021. NSW Electoral Commission. Retrieved 21 December 2021.
- ^ "About – sabrinfarooqui". Retrieved 27 April 2023.
- ^ "Dr Farooqui: NSW Labor electoral candidate in the Regents Park Ward". AMUST. 29 November 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
- ^ admin (16 November 2021). "It's time: Labor women ready for action on Cumberland Council -". Retrieved 27 April 2023.
- ^ tracyh_45956 (18 November 2020). "Cr Jasmine Nguyen". www.brimbank.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Whitehead, Allana (18 December 2020). "Get to know your Councillors | Cr Jasmine Nguyen". Brimbank News. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
- ^ "Meet Cr Jasmine Nguyen (Mayor)". Brimbank Youth Services. 3 May 2022. Retrieved 27 April 2023.